android-app://org.telegram.messenger

What it is

org.telegram.messenger is the Android package name of the Telegram app. The android-app:// scheme is how Android identifies a native app as the source of a visit.

Why there's no full URL

Apps aren't web pages, so there's no page URL to pass along. Android lets the app identify itself with an android-app:// URI built from its package name, and that's all the referrer contains.

What traffic it represents

Visits where someone tapped a link inside the Telegram Android app and the app (or the browser tab it opened) reported itself as the referrer.

Sources

Telegram - Apps on Google Play

Telegram - Google Play

it can also use the android-app: scheme to identify a native application that it came from.

Intent.EXTRA_REFERRER - Android Developers

otherwise, if known, an android-app: referrer URI containing the package name that started the Intent will be returned.

Activity.getReferrer() - Android Developers

You can set your app as the referrer when launching your Custom Tab. This way you can let websites know where their traffic is coming from.

Customizing the UI - Chrome Custom Tabs